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標題:

a few questions about English

發問:

i want to know that 1) when i can use , xxxxxxxx , without using relative clause (or reduction of relative clause) 2) what is "downgrade a word" 3) when do we need to use a gerund after preposition, such as for xxx-ing. these questions confused me for a long time~~~hope u can help me!!!!thz!!! 顯示更多 i want to know that 1) when i can use , xxxxxxxx , without using relative clause (or reduction of relative clause) 2) what is "downgrade a word" 3) when do we need to use a gerund after preposition, such as for xxx-ing. these questions confused me for a long time~~~hope u can help me!!!!thz!!!

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最佳解答:

1. This is a matter of style. There are no rules defining when you must and when you cannot reduce a non-defining relative clause. The important factor is deciding what to do is whether the audience can clearly understand what you want to convey. Though, it is common to use reduction when the relative clause expresses an attribute of the subject. India, the second most populous country in the world, is anticipated to overtake China's seat by 2025. (India, which is the second most populous...) John, having been to Paris a dozen times, still enjoys visiting the city of lights. (John, who has been to Paris a dozen times, still...) James, who has been fined three times already, is caught smoking in a restaurant. 2. I suppose it means you should use a less forceful word. For example, you visit a nice house but you use the adjective "elegant". 3. Since prepositions are followed by nouns, you must use a gerund after a preposition. (Note that some words, like "to", is sometimes a particle and sometimes a preposition. You only use the gerund form when "to" is a preposition.) after consulting with Jane... (NOT after consult with Jane) before taking the test... (NOT before take the test) upon discovering the treasure... (NOT upon discover the treasure) by taking a different route... (NOT by take a different route)

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